ABSTRACT
Amid covid-19 outbreak contact tracing becomes an essential tool for protection and connecting to the most possible connections with the infectious patients which leads to addition of high number of individuals data to be recorded in the location wise public health system. The public health records surface complications concerning security, reliability and supervision. Here the novel technology Blockchain is on the track to take over a part to battle the Covid-19 and overthrow the pandemic. This technology affords a solution for the adjustment between public health and private record. Now as blockchain technology has entered the area of possible units against covid-19.The blockchain technology protected anonymized private data in the search for record generated by the pandemic. The utmost valued defence against the Covid-19 is information which includes one’s contacts and connections as well path tracing. However, it derives at a great cost of private data. A blockchain-based covid-19 infected-patient data record would guarantee untampered neutral data with cryptographically secured decentralized data record protection. Moreover, the blockchain acquired knowledge confirms that data records are only used for its planned purpose, as it authenticates the applied algorithms. Additionally, block chain and secure hardware together can eliminate hacks and annoying data-selling. Hence, block chain can efficiently provide data privacy. This paper in the context of block chain introduces Gravity: a distributed protocol for handling the amount of all potential data and the usage of distributed data provisions such as IPFS is inevitable in this charge. Medical-Chain platform for protecting the identities of Covid infected and traced patients and their history. One must be sure of data records to be following HIPPA compliance to use anonymous nature and proper encryption. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Social distancing is the only preventive nonpharmaceutical measure to limit the transmission of Coronavirus disease (covid-19). By reducing the closeness and frequency of human physical gatherings and maintaining adequate distance among the individuals can minimize the spread of disease. IoT and AI revolutionary domain technologies can support in implementing and measuring minimum social distancing set-up by using the smart application. Though Smart City and Smart parking System are innovative, smart, and safe practices for end-users, the outbreaks of COVID-19 have revealed limitations of the existing deployments. Hence timely enforcements, framework, and architecture have to be developed accordingly. The focus of this paper is to provide a practical model where emerging blockchain technology is enforcing in finding many solutions and dealing with the problems in maintaining social distancing at smart parking in such pandemic outbreaks. The research aims to provide an architecture and framework in developing such applications using for smart parking concerning important issues and challenges of privacy and cybersecurity in implementing social distancing in practice. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.